What does autolysis refer to in the context of postmortem processes?

Autolysis refers specifically to the process of cell destruction that occurs after death, primarily due to the action of enzymes. These enzymes, which are released within cells or are already present in the tissue, begin to break down cellular structures as soon as the body ceases to maintain homeostasis. This breakdown leads to the self-digestion of tissues, thus initiating the postmortem process.

While external decay and bacterial decomposition are important aspects of the overall decomposition process, they are not the specific mechanism defined by autolysis. External decay involves environmental factors affecting the body, and decomposition due to bacteria involves microorganisms affecting tissues. Fermentation of bodily fluids, while a related process, does not encompass the initial enzymatic activity occurring within the cells themselves postmortem. Therefore, cell destruction by enzymes is the core concept represented by autolysis.