Which of the following is a common initial phase of decomposition?

The correct choice reflects a common initial phase of decomposition that occurs after death. Green discoloration is often one of the earliest visible signs of decomposition, occurring due to the breakdown of hemoglobin in the blood as bacteria begin to produce gases, leading to a change in color in the tissues. This discoloration is typically most noticeable in the abdominal area as it is where the bacteria first proliferate and produce hydrogen sulfide, which contributes to the green hue.

Understanding the progression of decomposition is essential for determining the time of death and various physiological changes that occur post-mortem. While other phases like putrefaction, autolysis, and bloating are also significant stages of decomposition, they develop after the initial discoloration phase. Autolysis refers to the self-digestion of tissues, putrefaction involves the breakdown of tissues by bacteria, and bloating results from gas accumulation due to microbial processes. These processes follow the initial green discoloration, making it a key starting point in the decomposition timeline.